شفو and شفى 1 شَفَتِ الشَّمْسُ, aor. 1َ2ُ3َ, [inf. n. app. شَفًا, but said in the TK to be شَفْوٌ,] The sun was, or became, near to setting: (K in art. شفو:) and شَفَت, (K in art. شفى,) [aor. 1َ2ِ3َ,] inf. n. شَفًا, (TA,) it (the sun) set; as also شَفِيَت: (K:) or, accord. to IKtt, set save a little; and the like is said in the T. (TA.) قُبَيْلَ الشَّفَا means A little before the setting of the sun. (TA.) [See also شَفًا below.]
And شَفَا said of the هِلَال [or moon a little after or before the change], It rose. (K.) And said of a شَخْص [or bodily form or figure seen from a distance, or a person], It, or he, appeared, or became apparent. (K.)
شَفَاهُ, (S, Msb, K,) aor. 1َ2ِ3َ, (Msb, K,) inf. n. شِفَآءٌ, (S, Msb,) He (God, S, Msb) recovered
him, or restored him to convalescence,
syn. أَبْرَأَهُ, so in the
M, but in the
K بَرَاهُ, (
TA,) namely a sick person, (
Msb,) مِنْ مَرَضِهِ [from his disease, or sickness]. (
S,
TA.)
[Hence, شَفَيْتُهُ, in art. بضع in the S, said by a person respecting one who asked him concerning a question, as meaning (assumed tropical:) I relieved him from doubt: and شَفَاهُ عَنِ المَسْأَلَةِ in the same art. in the K, as meaning (assumed tropical:) He relieved him from doubt respecting the question. See 8 as quasi-pass. of the verb thus used.]
And يَشْفِيكَ إِنْ قَالَ (assumed tropical:) [He will please thee if he speak; i. e.] his speech will please thee. (Har p. 433.)
شَفَاهُ also signifies He sought, or demanded, or desired, for him, recovery, or restoration to convalescence; and so ↓ أَشْفَاهُ: (K, TA:) thus in the M. (TA.)
2 شفّاهُ بِكُلِ شَىْءٍ,
inf. n. تَشْفِيَةٌ, He treated him medically, or curatively, with everything whereby he might attain recovery, or restoration to convalescence. (
TA.)
مَا شَفَّى فُلَانٌ أَفْضَلُ
مِمَّا شَفَّيْتَ i. e. مَا ازْدَادَ and رَبِحَ [meaning The gain of such a one (ما being here what is termed مَصْدَرِيَّة, as اِزْدَادَ and رَبِحَ are
intrans.,) is more excellent than thy gain] is said to be an instance of substitution, [originally شَفَّفَ and شَفَّفْتَ,] like
[قَصَّى and تَقَصَّى and] تَقَضَّى [for قَصَّصَ and تَقَصَّصَ and تَقَضَّضَ]. (
TA.)
3 مُشَافَاةٌ [an
inf. n. of which the verb, if used, is شَافَى]: see 3 in art. شفه.
4 اشفى عَلَيْهِ He was, or became, on the brink of it; (
S,
Msb,
K,
TA;) namely, a thing; and death: (
S,
Msb:) mostly used in relation to evil, but also in relation to good: so says
IKtt. (
TA.)
[See شَفًا.]
And اشفى [alone] (assumed tropical:) He was, or became, at the point of [giving or receiving] a charge or an injunction, or a trust or deposit. (TA.)
And (assumed tropical:) He was, or became, in the last part of the night; which is termed شَفَا اللَّيْلِ. (TA.)
أَشْفَى نَفْسَهُ عَلَى هُلْكٍ (K and TA in art. خطر) and اشفى بِهَا (TA in the same) i. e. عَلَى شَفَا هُلْكٍ [meaning (assumed tropical:) He caused himself to be on the brink of destruction]. (TA ibid.)
اشفاهُ He gave him a remedial medicine. (Az, TA.) And He prescribed for him a remedy in which should be his recovery, or restoration to convalescence. (TA.) And أَشْفَيْتُكَ الشَّىْءَ (S, K *)
I gave thee the thing in order that thou shouldst attain, or seek, recovery, or restoration to convalescence, thereby. (
S: in two copies thereof, بِهِ ↓ تَشْتَفِى: in two other copies thereof, and in like manner in the
K, بِهِ ↓ تَسْتَشْفِى.) And اشفاهُ
اللّٰهُ عَسَلًا God made honey to be his remedy. (
AO,
S: and the like is said by
IKtt as cited in the
TA.)
See also 1, last sentence.
اشفى also signifies (assumed tropical:) He gave [a person] something. (TA.)
5 تشفّى: see 8 [with which it is
syn.].
[Hence,] تشفّى مِنْ غَيْظِهِ (S, MA, K) (assumed tropical:) He recovered from his anger, wrath, or rage. (MA.)
And تشفّى مِنْ عَدُوِّهِ, (
T,
TA,) or بِالعَدُوِّ, and به ↓ اشتفى, (
Msb,) (assumed
tropical:) He inflicted injury upon his enemy [or the enemy] in a manner that rejoiced him [or relieved him from his anger]: (
T,
TA:) [or he attained what he desired from his enemy or the enemy, and so appeased his anger:] because latent anger is like a disease; and when it departs by reason of that which one seeks to obtain from his enemy, he is as though he became free, or recovered, from his disease. (
Msb.)
6 تَشَافَيْتُ المَآءَ a phrase mentioned by
IAar as meaning I exhausted the water: said by
ISd to be originally تَشَافَفْتُ. (
TA in art. شف.)
8 اشتفى بِكَذَا (
S,
K,
TA) He attained recovery, or restoration to convalescence, by means of such a thing: (
TA;) and so ↓ تشفّى: (
TK:) and مِنْ عِلَّتِهِ ↓ استشفى [if not a mistranscription for اشتفى] he became free from his disease, sickness, or malady; recovered from it; or became convalescent. (
TA.) See 4, latter part.
[Also (assumed tropical:) He was, or became, content with such a thing; or relieved from doubt thereby: and] (assumed tropical:) he profited by such a thing. (MA.) One
says, اِشْتَفَيْتُ بِمَا أَخْبَرَنِى فُلَانٌ (assumed
tropical:) I was, or became, content with that which such a one told me, [or relieved from doubt thereby,] because it was true. (
IB in art. حك, from
Az.) And أَخْبَرَهُ
فُلَانٌ فَاشْتَفَى بِهِ (assumed
tropical:) [Such a one gave him information] and he profited by his veracity. (
TA.)
10 استشفى He sought, or demanded, a remedy, or cure. (
TA.) See 4, latter part.
شَفًا The point or extremity, verge, brink, or edge, of anything; (
S,
Msb,
K, &c.;) like ↓ شَفَةٌ; for شَفَا الحُفْرَةِ (
Ksh in iii. 99) or شَفَا البِئْرِ (
Bd ibid.) and شَفَتُهَا both signify the same, (
Ksh,
Bd,) i. e. حَرْفُهَا (
Ksh) or طَرَفُهَا; (
Bd;) but the final و in the former is changed into ا, and in the latter [
accord. to those who hold شَفَةٌ to be originally شَفْوَةٌ] it is elided; (
Ksh,
Bd;) شَفًا being originally شَفَوٌ: (
Bd:) [but شَفًا generally signifies as expl.
above; and شَفَةٌ almost always signifies the “ lip ” of a human being:] the dual is شَفَوَانِ; this being known, as
Akh says, by the fact that إِمَالَة in the word شَفًا is not allowable: (
S:) and the
pl. is أَشْفَآءٌ. (
TA.) It is said in the
Kur [iii. 99], وَكُنْتُمْ عَلَى شَفَا حُفْرَةٌ مِنَ النَّارِ فَأَنْقَذَكُمْ مِنْهَا [and ye were on the verge, or brink, of a pit of the fire of Hell, and He saved, or rescued, you from it]. (
S.) And one says, هُوَ عَلَى شَفَا الهَلَاكِ (
tropical:) [He is on the brink of destruction]. (
TA.)
Also (tropical:) A little; (S, A, K, TA;) a small part, or portion; somewhat; (A, TA;) somewhat remaining of the moon when near the change, (K, TA, [الهَلاك in the CK is erroneously put for الهِلَال,]) and of the sight (البَصَر), and of the day, and the like, as in the T. (TA.) One says of a man on the occasion of his dying, and of the moon at [the last period of the month called] its مُحَاق, and of the sun at its setting, (S,) مَا بَقِىَ مِنْهُ إِلَّا شَفًا [and مِنْهَا when
said of the sun] (assumed
tropical:) There has not remained of him, or it, save a little: (
S,
K: *) and [in like manner]
مِنَ العُمُرِ [of life]. (
S.) And one says, أَتَيْتُهُ
بِشَفًا مِنْ ضَوْءِ الشَّمْسِ (assumed
tropical:) [I came to him in a time when there was little remaining of the light of the sun]. (
TA.) El-'Ajjáj says, أَشْرَفْتُهُ بِلَا شَفًا أَوْ بِشَفَا وَمِرْبَأٍ عَالٍ لِمَنٌ تَشَرَّفَا
meaning [Many an elevated place of observation, high to him who ascends it, I have ascended]
when the sun had set or when there was somewhat of it remaining. (
S.) One says also, صَارَ فِى شَفَا
القَمَرِ meaning (assumed
tropical:) He was, or became, in the last part of the night. (
TA.) And it is said in a
trad., (in relation to [the temporary marriage termed]
المُتْعَة,) فَلَوْ لَا نَهْيُهُ عَنْهَا مَا احْتَاجَ إِلَى الزِّنَا إِلَّا شَفًا,
accord. to the
T meaning [Were it not for his (i. e. God's) forbidding it, none would need having recourse to fornication,] save a small number of men: (
T,
TA:) or,
accord. to 'Atà, it means, but would be on the brink thereof, without falling into it; شَفًا being thus used in the place of the
inf. n. إِشْفَآء: so says
IAth, as from
Az. (
TA.)
شَفَةٌ, in which the deficient letter is و, (
K,
TA,) for it has for
pl. شَفَوَاتٌ, (
TA,) or ه, (
K,
TA,) for it has [also] for
pl. شِفَاهٌ, (
TA,) has been mentioned before, (
K,
TA,) in art. شفه [
q. v.]. (
TA.)
See also شَفًا above, first sentence.
شِفَآءٌ, (
K,
TA,) like كِسَآءٌ, (
TA,) [in the
CK erroneously written شَفاء,] primarily signifies The becoming free from disease, sickness, or malady; recovering therefrom; or becoming convalescent:
and then, Medical, or curative, treatment: (TA:) the giving of health; (KL:) inf. n. of شَفَاهُ
and [then], (TA,) A medicine, or remedy: pl. أَشْفِيَةٌ, and pl. pl. أَشَافٍ. (K, TA.) [Hence, دَارُ الشِفَآءِ The hospital.]
[And hence,] one says, شِفَآءُ العِىِّ السُّؤَالُ (tropical:) [The remedy of inability is the asking information]. (TA.)
شَفِىٌّ: see art. شفه.
شُفَيَّةٌ: see art. شفه.
شَفَوِىٌّ: see art. شفه.
شَافٍ [Recovering, or restoring to convalescence; remedial;] health-giving. (
KL.)
[Hence, جَوَابٌ شَافٍ (assumed tropical:) An answer that relieves from doubt.]
أَشْفَى More [and most remedial or] healthgiving. (
KL.)
Also A man whose lips do not close together: fem. شَفْيَآءُ. (TA.) See أَشْفَهُ, in art. شفه.
إِشْفًى An instrument for perforating; (
K;) a thing pertaining to the makers or sewers of boots or shoes or sandals &c.; (
S;) [i. e.] the awl used by them: (
MA,
KL:) and the instrument with which leather, or skin, is sewed: (
Mgh,
K:) or,
accord. to
ISk, it is [an instrument used] for water-skins and water-bags and the like; and the مِخْصَف is for sandals: (
S:) [see also art. اشف:]
masc. and
fem.: (
K, *
TA:)
pl. أَشَافٍ. (
Mgh,
TA.)
Th mentions the saying, إِنْ لَاطَمْتَهُ
لَاطَمْتَ الإِشْفَى [if thou contend with him in slapping, thou wilt do so with the اشفى]; meaning that when one does so, it will be against himself. (
TA.)
And إِشْفَى المِرْفَقِ, a phrase used by a poet, means (assumed tropical:) Sharp in the elbow. (TA.)
E.W. Lane's Arabic-English Lexicon (8 parts, London, 1863-93) is a major Arabic-English dictionary based on 112 sources, mostly medieval ones, along with al-Zabidi's Taj al-Aroos (also included in Lisaan.net). Lane died before he could finish the work, his great-nephew Stanley Lane-Poole finished it, publishing Volumes VI, VII and VIII from 1877–1893 using Lane's incomplete notes. Lane-Pool's work is of lower quality than Lane's. The work of Reinhart Dozy (see below) was meant as a supplement to Lane's work that covers modern Arabic (Lane focused on classical Arabic only). The digital text for the Lexicon was sourced from Tufts University under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 United States License. We used a TXT version created by an internet user named Navid-ul-Islam. Lisaan.net's version of the Lane Lexicon corrects various errors from both the Persues project (such as erroneous transcriptions of the Persian letter ژ) and the TXT version. Lisaan.net's version also provides helpful automatic annotations on the various abbreviations used by Lane.
